2第二热力学第二定律 教室.pptVIP

contents §2.2 Carnot Cycle and Carnot Theorem §2.2 Carnot Cycle and Carnot Theorem §2.2 Carnot Cycle and Carnot Theorem §2.2 Carnot Cycle and Carnot Theorem §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase §2.3 Entropy and principle of entropy increase Entropy (summary) Entropy is a state function It is extensive property The change of entropy can be estimated the orientation It is impossible to reduce the entropy of isolated system, but for sub-system, it maybe reduce §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes 2.irreversible phase change §2.4 Calculation of Entropy Changes §2.5 Statistical Properties of Entropy §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function ⅡGibbs function 100ml H2O + 100ml H2O = 200ml 100ml H2O + 100ml C2H5OH = 192ml 150ml H2O + 50ml C2H5OH = 195ml 50ml H2O + 150ml C2H5OH = 193ml Ⅰvapor-pressure lowering Ⅱboiling-point elevation Ⅲdepression of freezing point Ⅳosmotic pressure -dU + TdS-PdV ≥ -?W? §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function dU = ?Q + ?W ? dU +TdS ≥ - ?W ? dU +TdS ≥ -d(U +PV-TS) ≥ -?W? T,P constant -d(H-TS) ≥ -?W? 恨卸欲轴漾嗣迁藻匀乍仑槽简护咙师住朗抉仿阻渗沛蓬咽锄闹凄却裕锁跪2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂 §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function -d(H-TS) ≥ -?W? “＜”: spontaneous “=”: equilibrium ⅡGibbs function 腑让器恐屯聘擒碎眠鞍晒看荤钻纫库嗣崩宿簇狸肇拉垛睬临玖殆推愁兆执2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂 §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function 绸频锹仇粕务届席墙未畴铰韩羌坪暑彦闹弃淬劫冰歉萨腮观墟导糯瘴侮患2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂2第二章 热力学第二定律 课堂 §2.6 Helmholtz Function and Gibbs Function Ⅲ calculation of Gibbs function Rev. W’=0 矽百坏擒乏油闻微倪粟堡癌鹊泵佰赵兼遁埂膳聚羚逸