杨昌凯成稿论文(附摘要).docVIP

摘 要 在石油钻井完井作业中，钻头钻进时避免不了会产生各种摩擦，造成设备磨损。为了减少机械零部件在运行中因摩擦而产生的能量损失及设备损坏，世界各国积极研制各种用以降低摩擦阻力、减缓其磨损的润滑介质，即钻井液润滑剂，以达到润滑减阻的目的。本论文系统地对钻井液润滑剂的作用、分类、测试评价、应用以及近年国内外的油田应用研发动态进行研究讨论，为钻井液润滑剂的研发提供进一步的依据。 近年来，随着石油勘探开发技术的不断发展，为保证钻井液的润滑及抗磨性能适应各种不同的钻井条件和工艺技术，对钻井液润滑性提出了更高的要求。我国正在积极开展“安全、健康、高效”的钻井液润滑剂的基础理论和应用技术的研究，并且取得了一系列的研究成果。相信随着钻井液润滑剂技术的进一步发展，这一技术必将更好地应用于钻井工艺中，产生更大的经济效益。 关键词：钻井液；减阻；润滑剂；钻井工艺 Abstract In the oil drilling and completion operations，drill bit can not be avoided a variety of caused by the device friction and wear. To reduce the friction loss and equipment damage caused by friction in the operation of drilling，various countries around the world are making active study on the wear of lubricating medium to reduce friction，that is，drilling fluid lubricant，in purpose of the reducing the friction. This thesis systematically discuss the drilling fluid lubricant’s function，classification，testing and evaluation，application and applied research in recent years，the dynamic research in domestic oil fields for the development of drilling lubricant to provide further basis. In recent years，as the development of the oil technology，we put more emphasis on drilling fluid lubricity to ensure the drilling fluid lubrication and wear properties can adapt to different conditions of drilling technology. China is actively make a study on the basic theory and applied technology research of safe，healthy and efficient drilling fluid lubricant，and has made a series of research results. I believe that with further development drilling fluid lubricant technology will be better used in drilling process，and will result in greater economic benefits. Key words: drilling；lubricants；friction reduce；drilling technology 目 录 第1章 概 述 1 1.1 摩擦的概述 1 1.2 润滑和润滑剂 3 1.3 钻井液用润滑剂 4 1.4 本研究目的与意义 6 第2章 钻井液润滑剂 8 2.1钻井液润滑剂的分类 8 2.2 钻井液润滑剂的作用机理 12 2.3环境友好钻井液润滑剂 13 2.4常见国产润滑剂组分和特性 15 第3章 钻井液润滑性能的选用与测评 17 3.1 钻井液润滑剂的选用 17 3.2 润滑剂的测评 18 3.3 影响润滑剂润滑性的因素 21 3.4 实验评价仪器 22 3.5 实验数据的可靠性问题 25 3.6 应用实例 26 第4章 钻井液