1 MEDICAL IMMUNOLOGY课件.ppt

MEDICAL IMMUNOLOGY 马广强 基础医学院 ??? Let’s start with questions Question-1 Our environment contains a great variety of infectious microbes, why could we keep healthy? Question-2 What should we do before transplanting blood ----Transfusion ? Let’s start with questions Questions -3 Why do we need to do gene matching before transplantation? Why is it very difficult to find perfect donor for recipient intransplantation? Question-4 Do you have any experience about allergy? What is the allergy? Let’s start with questions Question-5 1.What is vaccine? 2.How do vaccines work? Section I Fundaments of Immunology Chapter 1. Immunity 1. Innate Immunity 2. Adaptive Immunity Functions of Immune System Immunological defense The immune system protects us from attack by microbes and worms. Immunological homeostasis The immune system could eliminate the inflammatory or died self-cells. Immunological surveillance The immune system could destroy the tumor cellsand protects us from clinical tumor formation 1. Innate immunity The first line of defense includes any barrier that blocks invasion at the portal of entry. The second line of defense is a slightly more internalized system of protective cells and fluids that includes inflammation and phagocytosis. Physical or Anatomical Barriers at the Body’s Surface The skin and mucous membranes of the respiratory and digestive tracts have several built-in defenses. The outermost layer of the skin is composed of epithelial cells that have become compacted, cemented together, and impregnated with an insoluble protein, keratin. The result is a thick, tough layer that is highly impervious and waterproof. Few pathogens can penetrate this unbroken barrier, especially in regions such as the soles of the feet or the palms of the hands the resident flora does not constitute an anatomical barrier, its presence can block the access by pathogens to epithelial surfaces and can create an unfavorable environment for pathogens. The respirat