第一章写作基本功.pptVIP

第一章 写作基本功——遣词造句 第一节遣词造句的基本原则 选词 1. 选用朴素、易懂的词 不少学生往往有种错觉：以为使用华丽的辞藻可以体现作者的水平。其实不然，这样的作文反而显得不伦不类，效果适得其反。高级词汇常常内容抽象，意义晦涩，不如普通词汇直截了当，容易理解。就大学生的英语作文水平而言，应该尽量选用小词，常用词和习语，把文章写得通俗易懂，亲切朴实。在下面的两组词中，在可能的情况下，应选用（A）组词，而避免使用（B）组词： （A）组 （B）组 finish accomplish do perform form constitute enough sufficient choice alternative look into investigate on time punctual proper appropriate buy purchase 上面（A）组的词适合通俗的描写、议论、记叙和说明。（B）组的词适合口气庄重的文章。我们来对不下面几组句子和段落： A：After working laboriously for three hours, they felt exhausted. B；After working hard for three hours, they felt tired. A：John possessed sufficient equipment for a small laboratory. B：John had enough equipment for a small laboratory. A：It has been noted with concern that the stock of books in the library has been declining alarmingly. Students are requested to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and returning of the books, and to bear in mind the need of other students. Penalties for overdue books will in the future be strictly enforced. B：The number of books in the library has been going down. Please make sure you know the rules for borrowing, and dont forget that the library is for everyones convenience. So from now on, were going to enforce the rules strictly. Youve got to pay fines for overdue books. You have been warmed. 在上面表达中，A组口气庄重，句子结构严谨，抽象名词和大词较多，适合正式文体如法律文书、政府报告、商业书信、历史哲学及各们学科，也包括风格严谨的散文、小说等。B组文字浅显，结构简单，通俗易懂，适合于通俗的描写、议论、记叙和说明。一般情况下，不要把文章写得不伦不类，就学生英文水平来说，应该选择B组写法。 2. 选用词义确切的词 确切的词是