英汉双语弹性力学10.ppt

练习10.1 铅直平面内的正方形薄板，边长为2a，四边固定，只受重力作用，设 ，试取位移分量的表达式为 用瑞次法求解位移分量(取A1项及B1项)及应力分量。 a a a a x y 解： 当只取A1项及B1项时： The strain energy Now we evaluate and . 形变势能 现计算 和 When applying the Ritz method, we expect From Solving it yields 在用瑞次法时，要求 由 解之得 Therefore 所以 Exercise 10.2 Show that the freely supported beam is subjected to uniform load q . The length of the beam is l. The equation of equilibrium of the beam is Assume that the equation of line of deflection of the beam is Solve the line of deflection of the beam with the Galerkin method. q x y Solution: The boundary conditions of the beam is So the equation of line of deflection satisfies the boundary conditions. 练习10.2 简支梁受均布荷载q，梁长为 (图示)。梁的平衡方程为 设梁的挠曲线方程为 试用伽辽金法求梁的挠曲线。 解： 梁的边界条件为 故挠曲线方程满足边界条件。 q x y The equation of equilibrium of the beam is Substituting it into the Galerkin equation yields After integrating we arrive at the undetermined coefficient So the equation of line of deflection is 梁的平衡方程为 代入伽辽金方程，得 积分后得待定系数 故挠曲线方程为 Apparently, the assumed equation of line of deflection of the beam Evaluate the coefficients a2 and a3 with the principle of minimum energy. The strain energy is Solution: Assume that the line of deflection of the beam is Its boundary condition is Exercise 10.3 The cantilevered beam is subjected to the action of the concentrated force P at free end as shown in the figure. Evaluate the maximum deflection with the principle of minimum energy. P x y satisfy the boundary conditions. 显然所设梁的挠曲线方程 满足边界条件。 由极小势能原理求系数a2和a3 。形变势能为 解： 设梁的挠曲线为 其边界条件为 练习10.3 悬臂梁在自由端受集中力P作用，如图所示。试用极小势能原理求最大挠度。 P x y The potential energy of the external forces is Then the total potential energy is Apply the principle of minimum potential energy Then 外力势能为 则总势能为 应用极小势能原理 则 Integrating yields From the above two equations we can obtain So the line of deflection is The value of the maximum deflection is 积分得 由上述两方程解得 故挠曲线为 最大挠度值为 由于应力分量的变分，形变势能必有相应的变分。把形变势能看做应力分量的函数，则形变势能的变