小波函数及atlab常用指.ppt

常用小波函数及Matlab常用指令 ●一 、常用小波函数 与标准傅立叶变换相比，小波分析中用到的小波函数没有唯一性，小波函数 具有多样性。由此而带来的问题是使用不同的小波基分析同一个问题会产生不同的结果，没有一个选择最优小波基的统一方法。目前主要是通过用小波分析方法处理信号的结果与理论分析结果的误差莱判定小波基的好坏，并由此选定小波基。 常用的指导性选择标准有： (1) 的支撑长度。即当时间或频率趋于无穷大时，上述各量从有限值收敛到0的速度； (2) 对称型。它在图象处理中对于避免移相非常有用; (3) (若存在)的消失矩阶数。对于压缩非常有用; (4)正则性。对信号或图象的重构获得较好的平滑效果非常有用。 1、Haar 小波 waveinfo(haar) HAARINFO Information on Haar wavelet. Haar Wavelet General characteristics: Compactly supported wavelet, the oldest and the simplest wavelet. scaling function phi = 1 on [0 1] and 0 otherwise. wavelet function psi = 1 on [0 0.5[, = -1 on [0.5 1] and 0 otherwise. Family Haar Short name haar Examples haar is the same as db1 Orthogonal yes Biorthogonal yes Compact support yes DWT possible CWT possible Support width 1 Filters length 2 Regularity haar is not continuous Symmetry yes Number of vanishing moments for psi 1 图: DBINFO Information on Daubechies wavelets. Daubechies Wavelets General characteristics: Compactly supported wavelets with extremal phase and highest number of vanishing moments for a given support width. Associated scaling filters are minimum-phase filters. Family Daubechies Short name db Order N N strictly positive integer Examples db1 or haar, db4, db15 Orthogonal yes Biorthogonal yes Compact support yes DWT possible CWT possible Support width 2N-1 Filters length 2N Regularity about 0.2 N for large N Symmetry