正弦交流电的分析-电力牵引交流传动系统讲述.ppt

Representation of Sinusoidal Time Functions by Vectors andComplex Number 正弦时间函数的矢量和复数表示法 In the rectangular (algebraic) form, these complex numbers are On adding them together we obtain Where 用直角（代数）形式，这些复数是 将其相加，得 式中 Since , it is important to know the quadrant where Vm occurs, before we can determine φ. The quadrant can be readily identified by the signs of the real and imaginary parts of the function. For convenience the epoch angle φ may be expressed in degrees rather than in radians. 由于 ，在我们确定φ之前，知道Vm所在的象限是很重要的。通过函数的实部和虚部的符号能很容易地确定象限。为方便起见，用角度而不用弧度来表示初相角φ 。 New Words Expressions: quadrant 象限 The two methods are applicable to the addition of any number of sinusoidal functions of the same frequency. 这两种方法可用于任何数目的同频率正弦函数的叠加。 New Words Expressions: be applicable to?? (适)用于 In practical work, one is usually interested in the r.m.s. values and phase displacements of sinusoidal quantities. Therefore the Argand diagram is simplified by omitting the axes (whose position is immaterial), while the phase displacement between the vectors is faithfully reproduced. 在实际中，人们通常对正弦量的有效值和相位差感兴趣。于是可通过省略坐标轴来简化Argand图（坐标轴的位置是不重要的），但矢量之间的相位差并没有改变。 New Words Expressions: phase displacements 相位差 Also, instead of rotating vectors of length equal to the peak values of sinusoidal quantities, the scale is changed and the vector lengths are treated as r.m.s. values. 此外，不用长度等于正弦量峰值的旋转矢量，而是改变其比例尺，将矢量的长度当做有效值。 New Words Expressions: rotating vectors 旋转矢量 In analytical treatment, it is usual to arrange the sinusoidal quantities so that the epoch angle of any one becomes zero. Likewise, instead of complex peak values, the respective complex r.m.s. values, obtained by division of complex peak values by ,are used. For brevity, complex r.m.s. values are called simply a complex current, a complex voltage, etc. 在分析中，常做某些处理，将正弦量的初相角设定为零。同理，不用复数的峰值，而用复数峰值除以 后得到的有效值。为简单起见，复数有效值简单地称为复数电流、复数电