1introductiontovibration..pptVIP

1 Introduction to Vibration and the Free Response Key words vibration 振动， response 响应 deal with 处理、论及 repetitive重复的、反复的 mechanical 机械的、力学的 machine parts 机械零件 structure 结构 string vibrating 弦振动 instrument 乐器，器械 earthquake 地震 concept 概念 Key words analyzing 分析 predicting 预言、预报 behavior 行为 formulation 公式 skill 技术、技巧 property 特性 enhance 提高、增强 reduce 减少、降低 examine 检查、研究、探讨 situation 情况 情形 external force 外力 free vibration自由振动 natural frequency 固有频率 Key words 1.1 Introduction to Free Vibration Key words object 物体、目标、对象， stationary frame 静止结构、固定结构 reference 参考\提及、涉及 nominal 名义上的 equilibrium 平衡 evident 明显的、显然的 affect 影响 design 设计 device 装置 nature 性质 1 introduction to vibration and the free response Vibration is the branch of engineering that deals with repetitive motion of mechanical systems from machine parts to large structures. Vibration is evident everywhere and in many cases greatly affects the nature of engineering designs. 振动是工程的分支（that)处理机械系统的反复运动 -从机械零件到大结构 振动是处处显而易见的 并且在许多情况 极大地影响工程设计的性质 The concepts and formulations presented in the following chapters are intended to provide the skills needed for designing vibrating systems with desired properties that enhance vibration when it is wanted and reduce vibration when it is unwanted. 在以下章节所呈现的概念和公式 是用来提供技能 为设计振动系统所需的 (with)具有期望的特性 （that）增强振动 当它是期望的 减弱振动 当它是不期望的。 In the chapters that follow, vibration is modeled mathematically based on fundamental principles, such as Newton’s laws, and analyzed using results from calculus and differential equations. 在下面的章节，振动被数学建模 基于基本原理，诸如牛顿法则，被分析 利用结果 来自微积分和微分方程 To simplify the introduction of the topic of vibration, only motion in a single direction of a single particle is described in the first three chapters-SDOF (single degree of freedom) In Chapter 2------RESPONSE TO HARMONIC EXCITATION the vibration response of single-degree-of f