供应链管理 第三版 unit14 习题与答j案.docVIP

Chapter 14 Transportation in the Supply Chain True/False Transportation plays a key role in every supply chain because products are usually produced and consumed in the same location. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Freight transportation costs in the United States amount to about 6 percent of the GDP. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate The shipper is the party that requires the movement of the product between two points in the supply chain. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate The carrier is the party that moves or transports the product. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy A distributor makes investment decisions regarding the transportation infrastructure and then makes operating decisions to try to maximize the return from these assets. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard A carrier uses transportation to minimize the total cost (transportation, inventory, information, and facility) while providing an appropriate level of responsiveness to the customer. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard The vehicle-related cost is incurred whether the vehicle is operating or not and is considered fixed for short-term operational decisions by the carrier. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate Vehicle-related cost includes any cost associated with terminals, airport gates, and labor that are incurred whether vehicles are in operation or not. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate Trip-related cost depends on the length and duration of the trip but is independent of the quantity shipped. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Trip-related cost includes loading/unloading costs and a portion of the fuel cost that varies with the quantity being transported. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Overhead cost includes the cost of planning and scheduling a transportation network as well as any investment in information technology. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate A carrier’s decisions are affected by the prices that the market will bear, but not the responsiveness it seeks to provide its target segm