初中英语被动语态小结.ppt

3. 不及物动词无被动语态 eg. This listening material, together with its CD- ROMs,______well. 【2013江苏常州】 A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 4.不及物动词 + 介词/副词 可以用于被动语态，但介词/副词不能省略。 eg.—Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. —Sorry. The book you ask for______ out. 【2013河南】 A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 一、英语有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态 ??? 1、主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如:Many people speak Chinese. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people 来执行的。 ???2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“ be+动词的过去分词”构成。 Be动词有人称、数和时态的变化 ※ 一般现在时: am/is/are+ done ※ 一般过去时: was/were+ done ※ 一般将来时: will + be+ done 或 be going to + be + done 现在进行时: am/is/are+ being + done?过去进行时: was/were + being + done ※ 现在完成时: have/has + been+ done??? 过去完成时: had + been + done ※ 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由 “情态动词+be+done” 构成 情态动词有：could, should, would, can, must, may 主动语态变被动语态用十字交叉法　 如：　 Cats 　eat 　fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 三、被动语态的特殊用法 ※ 1. 使役动词 make、let、have在主动语态中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。 eg. Mother never lets me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV by mother. make sb. do … let sb. do … have sb. do .. a. He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. b. I saw him come into the room. He was seen to come into the room. hear、see、watch、notice、find等在主动语态 中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被 动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。 see sb. do …. hear sb. do … watch sb. do .. notice sb. do … find sb. do … ※ 四．没有被动语态的几个常用动词： 1 . 感官系动词无被动语态：look, sound, taste, feel, smell 2. 表示“发生”的两个动词：happen，take place 3. 属于：belong to 4. 及物动词 cost表示“价值”、“花费”意义时，没有被动语态。 5. come true、 fall asleep 无被动语态 练习题 1. English ____ in the world. A. speaks B. are spoken