国际音标整理文档.docVIP

国际音标 我国通用的国际音标有48个，元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。 元音分类表 单 元 音 前元音 /i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ 后元音 /ɑ:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ 中元音 /??/ /??:/ /?/ 双元音 /e?/ /??/ /a?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /??/ 辅音分类表 辅 音 组 爆破音 /p/ /b/ /?t/ /d/?/?k/ /g/ 摩擦音 //f/ /v/ /θ/ /e/? /s/ /z/?/?/ /?/ /?h/ /?r/? 破擦音 /t?/ /d?/ /tr/? /dr/? /ts/ /dz/? 鼻音 /m/ /n/? /?/ 舌边音 /??/ 半元音 / w/ /?j/ 发音器官图 发音器官图： ⑴ /i:/ 发音时，舌尖轻抵下齿，前舌部向上颚抬起，口型扁而平，发音时间持续较长。 例词：be meat sheep secret believe 例句：I don’t believe it. He feels very weak. ⑵ /?/ 发音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，口型扁平，发音时间短促。 例词：it big rich visit loaded business 例句：It’s a very big city. I feel a bit dizzy. ⑶ /e/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，口型扁平，气流从口腔泻出，发音时间短促。 例词： fed best them wedding refresh 例句： Well fed, well bred. I will never forget Petty. ⑷ /?/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬，双唇开口度较大，并向两边平展，发音时间短促。 例词： at have flat stand Saturday 例句： I’m glad to know that. He was born in a happy family. ⑸ /ɑ:/舌身放低后缩，舌后部隆起，口型张大，口全开，身带震动，发音延续较长。 例词： art fast March party advance 例句： My father has a large farm. Please park your car in the car park. ⑹/?:/ 舌身尽量降低并收缩，舌后部抬起，双唇收圆收小，并稍向前凸，发音延续较长。 例词：saw born course thought morning 例句：They are talking about Ford. I decided to go abroad after graduation. ⑺ /?/ 舌身尽量降低并后缩，舌后部抬起，口型稍收圆，开口比长元音/?:/大，但不向前突出，发音短促。 例词： hot boss want doctor holiday 例句： Who’s knocking at the door? Lost time is never found again. ⑻ /U:/舌身后缩，舌后部尽量抬起，口型较小较圆更突出，发音延长。 例词： do you tooth choose June 例句： You must follow the rule of the school. Whose shoes are these? ⑼ /?/舌身后缩，舌后部抬起,口型收圆稍微突出，比/U:/的口型较放松，发音短促。 例词： book good put wood push 例句： This book is a good cook-book. Let me have a look. ⑽ /??/ 舌身后缩至口腔中部，舌后部稍抬起，双唇较扁，开口较大，发音短促。 例词：up but does rough thunder 例句：The old man has got much money. I went to cinema just for fun. ⑾ /??:/ 舌位抬高，舌身放平，口型微张，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉较紧张，发音时间较长。 例词：sir her third worth early 例句：Can I help you, sir?