COMP 6471 Software Design MethodologiesComp 6471软件设计方法.ppt

SOEN 6011Software Engineering Processes Section SS Fall 2007 Dr Greg Butler http://www.cs.concordia.ca/~gregb/home/soen6011-f2007.html Week 8 GRASP Principles Design and use case realization Design patterns Responsibility-Driven Design (RDD) Detailed object design is usually done from the point of view of the metaphor of: Objects have responsibilities Objects collaborate Responsibilities are an abstraction. The responsibility for persistence. Large-grained responsibility. The responsibility for the sales tax calculation. More fine-grained responsibility. The 9 GRASP Principles Creator Information Expert Controller Low Coupling High Cohesion Polymorphism Pure Fabrication Indirection Protected Variations Information Expert “… expresses the common ‘intuition’ that objects do things related to the information they have.” Assign the responsibility for “knowing” [something] to the object (class) that has the information necessary to fulfill the responsibility. Creator Assign to class B the responsibility to create an instance of class A if B aggregates A objects. B contains A objects. B records instances of A objects. B closely uses A objects. B has the initializing data that will be passed to A when it is created. GRASP: Polymorphism Principle Larman: When related alternatives or behaviors vary be type (class), assign responsibility for the behavior—using polymorphic operations—to the types for which the behavior varies. (This principle was illustrated last week with the Animal hierarchy.) PATTERN: Controller (Larman 17.13) Problem: What object in the domain (or application coordination layer) receives requests for work from the UI layer? System operations (see SSD): major input events to the system The controller is the first object beyond the UI layer that is responsible for receiving or handling a system operations message. Note that UI objects delegate system operation request to a controller. PATTERN: Controller (Larman 17.13) Solution: Assign the responsibi