Colour Mixing University of Manchester混色曼彻斯特大学.ppt

Colour Mixing Dr Huw Owens Introduction Additive mixing Subtractive mixing Partitive mixing Choice of primaries Examples Additive Mixing Provides the extreme limit of all colour stimuli. The coloured lights selected for colour mixing are usually called PRIMARIES When mixing two or more lights the result is: Brighter Less saturated (less vivid) Choice of Primaries Primaries should be chosen so that: The maximum GAMUT (the range of accessible colours) is achieved. The colours should be spread across the whole of the spectrum. No two primaries when mixed should match one of the other selected primaries. Although, for the widest gamut a large number of primaries will be best, for most purposes two will be sufficient, and the most economical. Artists, when asked to select three colours as primaries would normally chose red, yellow and blue, but for additive mixing, yellow should be replaced by green. WHY? Red, Green and Blue Lights When mixing lights yellow and blue = white (NOT GREEN) BUT green+red = yellow Additive Mixing (Lights) Examples of Additive Mixing Theatre lighting Triple projection As demonstrated by Maxwell (1858 - 1862) Colour Television Colour monitors The eye Colour Television Streams of electrons from three “guns” pass through holes in the shadow mask and activate phosphors on the screen which glow red, green and blue. The phosphor dots are arranged in triads. Partitive Mixing When coloured lights are mixed the luminance (brightness) of the mixture is the sum of the combined luminances of the primaries. It is often easier to simulate additive mixing using :- The persistence of vision (Temporal Integration) When red, green and blue images are rapidly projected onto a screen successively the colours merge due to the persistence of vision. The same applies to Maxwell’s spinning disc during rapid spinning of the coloured disc. Partitive Mixing (continued) The mosaic effect (Spatial averaging) When small patches of colour in a pattern, as a mosai