Competence, Process, and Assessment Standards能力过程和评估标准.pptVIP

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Competence, Process, and Assessment Standards能力过程和评估标准.ppt

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Competence, Process, andAssessment Standards Helena I. R. Agustien Universitas Negeri Semarang hagustien@ Why we need a CC model Celce-Murcia et al.’s effort has been motivated by the belief in the potential in the direct, explicit approach to the teaching of communicative skills, which would require a detailed description of what CC entails in order to use the sub-components as a content base in syllabus design.(p.6) Discourse Competence Discourse competence concerns the selection, sequencing, and arrangement of words, structures, sentences and utterance to achieve a unified spoken or written text. (p.13) Actional Competence Interpersonal Exchange Information Opinions Feelings Suasion Problems Future Scenario Sociocultural Competence Social Contextual Factors Stylistic Appropriateness Factors Cultural Factors Non-Verbal Communicative Factors Strategic Competence Avoidance or Reduction Strategies Achievement or Compensatory Str. Stalling or Time-Gaining Str. Self-Monitoring Str. Interactional Str. What do we develop? The ability to participate in discourse, or The ability to communicate, or The ability to create spoken and written texts, or The ability to negotiate meanings, or The ability to exchange nuances of meanings How do we develop discourse competence? By knowing that Communication happens in text Every text has communicative purpose Every text has structure Every text has linguistic features Every text is a genre SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGECONTINUUM Syarat pengembangan kompetensi komunikatif Scaffolding Talks: Bahasa yang digunakan guru dalam mengelola proses pembelajaran sebagai language accompanying action. Peran guru Menciptakan pengalaman pembelajaran Merancang kegiatan Merancang komunikasi Berperan sebagai “ibu” dalam pemerolehan bahasa alamiah Literacy Levels Performative Level Functional Level Informational Level Epistemic Level What is the KEY to creating texts? Negotiating meanings Responding to interlocutor Continuing own texts How do we