Unit3__语法杨.pptVIP

-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法 The –ing form as the attributive, predicative and object complement Unit3 语法精讲 1、-ing形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，动名词用来泛指某种动作或行为，现在分词做表语表示主语的特征，性质，状态。以说明主语的具体 内容(身份、性质或情况)。如： Her hobby is painting. {动名词} 她的业余爱好是画画。 His words are encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人。 2、-ing形式作定语 1). 动名词做定语说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，不表示名词本生的动作，可改写成FOR的短语如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 2).现在分词做定语用来表示正在进行的动作，与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语 如： 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。 The student making the experiment is our monitor. 我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。 We can see the rising sun. 1) 单个-ing形式作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之前, -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 3、-ing形式作宾语补足语 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个正在进行的动作或一种状态。如： 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 3). 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: a. 感官动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, 等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didn’t notice him waiting. b. 使役动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如： I won’t have you doing that. This set me thinking. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. I can’t get the clock going again. You won’t catch me doing that again. 2) V-ing, 过去分词，不定式做定语时的区别： The student making the experiment is our