(公用 试题)2017届高考英语语法复习 专题07 动词的时态和语态（知识精讲）牛津译林版.docVIP

专题07动词的时态和语态 知识精讲 英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或常用的有十一种。 一、时态和语态的构成 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does,(连系动词is/am/are) am/is/are done 一般过去时 did,(连系动词was/were) was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will do is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do shall/will be done is/am/are going to be done is/am/are(about)to be done 现在进行时 is/am/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时 will be doing / 现在完成时 has/have done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 将来完成时 shall/will have done will/shall have been done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing / 过去将来时 would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do would/should be done was/were going to be done was/were(about)to be done 二、时态的基本用法和重点提醒 (一)一般时态 1.一般现在时 基本用法：表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作、存在的状态以及客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。 ①On Monday morning it usually _______ me an hour drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A. takes B. is taking C. took D. will take 【答案与解析】A。由题干中on Sunday mornings 和 usually可知每个星期天早晨都是这样，所以指 的是经常发生的动作，用一般现在时。句意：尽管实际距离只有20英里，但是每个 星期一早上我开车去上班却要花费一个小时的时间。 ②The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______ now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 【答案与解析】A。remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，没有被动语态。整句话是 对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选A项。句意：上个世纪，宫殿三次着火， 所以原来建筑物的东西现在所剩无几了。 ③Planning so far ahead _______ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 【答案与解析】C。前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。句意：计划这么超前毫无意义──到明年许多事情会发生变化的。 ④“Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step _______” A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed 【答案与解析】C。show意为“显示，显现”，此处祖母说的是一个客观事实，不要受“Granny used to say”的影响，应该用一般现在时。句意：祖母过去常说“人生就像在雪中行走一样，因为每一步都会留下痕迹”。注意：即使主句用的是一般过去时，从句的(叙述客观真理的)谓语动词还是要用一般现在时The geography teacher told us the earth moves a