《发动机原理》双语教案(chapter 6).docVIP

Chapter 6 Engine Operating Characteristics Key: Engine load characteristics, speed characteristics, universal characteristics Difficult points: Analyze the tendency of speed characteristics and its application. Section 1 Engine performance parameters 6.1 Engine performance parameters The practical engine performance parameters of interest are power, torque and specific fuel consumption. The relative importance of these parameters varies over an engine’s operating speed and load range. The maximum or normal rated brake power and the quantities such as bmep derived from it define an engine’s full potential. The interrelationship between engine performance parameters is the basis of engine characteristics analysis and the explanation of the curves. The relations between main parameters and procedure variables are given below: Brake power: Brake torque: Brake specific fuel consumption: Fuel consumption rate: Where k1,k2,k3,k4 is constant;ηv is volumetric efficiency; λ is relative air/fuel ratio; ηi is indicated efficiency; ηm is mechanical efficiency; n is engine rotary speed. Section 2 Engine load characteristics Relation between the instantaneous value of main engine economic parameters and engine load, when engine speed is maintained constant, is known as engine load characteristics. The curve representation is known as load characteristics curve. 6.2.1 Load characteristics of SI engine 1. Definition Opening the throttle valve by matching increased dynamometers brake load gradually to keep the engine speed in constant ,the variation relations between engine brake specific fuel consumption be and fuel consumption rate B with brake power Pe (brake mean effective pressure Pme ,brake torque Ttq ) is termed as load characteristics of SI engine. When the opening of throttle valve, bothηi and ηm rise, thus the bsfc be drops drastically. As in heavy duty when rich mixture needed, incomplete combustion causes the decreases of indicated efficie