大学毕业设计—棉秆皮纤维脱胶的研究学位论文.docVIP

单位代码：10709  +  学位论文 论文题目：棉秆皮的 学科专业： 作者姓名：  纺织工程  学  号：  2006013  指导教师：  李  龙（教授）  答辩委员会主任委员：薛少林（教授） 完成日期：二零零八年十二月 答辩时间：二零零九年三月七日 摘  要  近年来， 环境保护”这个概念越来越受到人们的重视，天然纤维以其易于 降解的优点对环境保护有着积极的意义。因此，人们对天然纤维的研究越来越 深入广泛。研究棉秆皮纤维化学处理方法可增加棉秆皮资源的广泛利用，同时 可以变废为宝，增加纤维材料资源。 本课题按照相关标准测试了棉秆皮的成分，确定了棉秆皮成分中各物质含 量的百分比，并且与其他植物纤维成分含量作比较。棉秆皮成分的特点为纤维 素含量低，木质素、半纤维素、水溶物含量高，棉秆皮胶质含量比其他植物纤 维高。棉秆皮化学处理工艺借鉴了麻类纤维化学脱胶工艺，分别探讨了一煮法、 二煮法和二煮精炼法化学处理工艺。通过对不同方法试验结果的综合评价，确 定了棉秆皮化学处理工艺方法为二煮法，具体的工艺流程为：试样准备→浸酸 →水洗→一煮→水洗→打纤→水洗→二煮→水洗→酸洗→水洗→抖松→烘干。 采用正交实验设计和模糊综合评价的方法对一煮法、二煮法的工艺条件进行优 化，得出一煮的优化条件为：NaOH 浓度 8g/L，H2O2浓度 9g/L，浴比 1：100， 时间 30min，温度 100；二煮的优化条件为：NaOH 浓度 12g/L，H2O2浓度 17g/L，温度 80,时间 60min，浴比 1：100。 关键词：棉秆皮纤维，化学处理工艺，纤维性能，纤维结构 Investigation on the Property and Chemical Treatment of Cotton-Straw Peel Fiber ABSTRACT Recently, people have been thinking much of importance of environment protection. The good degradation of natural fiber benefits environmental protection. So, people have spent more and more time on it. It is a new method of natural fibre development to study on chemical treatment of cotton-straw peel fiber . The development of cotton-straw peel fiber resources not only can recycle the waste, but increase fiber material resource as well. In this paper, the component of cotton-straw peel was tested according to the related standards. It was got that the cellulose content compared with other vegetable fiber`s component, the cotton-straw peel was lower, and the content of colloid, hemi-cellulose, water soluable and the gum grease of cotton-straw peel was higher than other vegetable fiber. The chemical degumming of Bast fiber was used as reference to investigation the chemical treatment of cotton-straw peel. The chemical treatments such as first boiling, second boiling and refining after second boling were studied. Through the sythentic evaluation of peel result, it was obtained that seco