大学毕业设计—燃煤烟气中汞的脱除.docVIP

摘 要 煤炭作为我国的主要能源这一现状在很长时间内难以改变，大量的煤炭消耗带来了严重的环境问题，从而引起越来越多人的关注。我国是世界上汞排放量最大的国家之一，因此必须对其进行控制。汞因为具有挥发性、持久性和生物积累性，难以脱除。传统的活性炭吸附剂价格昂贵，不能再生利用，无法达到理想的工业脱汞效果。本文用廉价的天然矿物作为活性炭的替代品，主要研究凹凸棒石及其改性凹凸棒石对燃煤烟气中汞脱除的影响。 实验中主要采用高锰酸钾，溴化铵对凹凸棒石进行改性，经浸渍，烘干，煅烧，筛选出60~100目的作为吸附剂。在模拟烟气（N2，汞蒸气）的条件下，利用QM201H型燃煤烟气测汞仪在固定床实验台架上对吸附剂的脱汞效果进行了测试，简要探讨了改性凹凸棒石的脱汞机理。主要研究了改性剂浓度，吸附剂温度，改性试剂等对脱汞效率的影响。绘制了不同温度，浓度的吸附剂的脱汞效率随时间变化曲线。通过SSA-4300孔径及表面积分析仪对改性凹凸棒石样品进行了表征测试，结合表征参数对前后脱汞效率的变化进行了简要的分析与讨论。结果表明，经KMnO4改性后，凹凸棒石脱汞效率有很大的提升，可以达到70%左右，而且随温度的增加其脱汞效率略有上升。凹凸棒石与KMnO4比例在1:20，吸附剂温度在140℃表现出最佳的脱汞效率，经KMnO4改性的凹凸棒石加入溴化铵后，脱汞效率没有明显上升，表明溴化铵对改性凹凸棒石的脱汞效率没有促进作用。 关键词 燃煤烟气； 汞控制； 凹凸棒石；KMnO4 Abstract Coal is still and will be the mainly energy source in a long time for China. Huge amount of coal consumption will result in serious environmental problem， this cause more and more peoples attention. China is one of the largest mercury emissions countries in the word. Therefore the mercury emissions control is reasonable and necessary. Mercury is difficult to remove because of its volatile ， persistence， and biological gatz. Traditional activated carbon adsorbent is expensive， not renewable use，and can not reach the ideal effect of industry to take off the mercury. In this paper， natural mineral materials were applied as alternative to activated carbons due to their low cost. The main research is about mercury removal performance of attapulgite (Atp) and modified attapulgite in coal-fired flue gas. In the experiment, Attapulgite is modified by KMnO4 or NH4Br.They are impregnated, calcited and filtered out 60 to 100 meshes as adsorbent. The mercury removal adsorbent effects of adsorbent were tested by QM201H flue gas mercury analyzer in a fixed bed on the condition of a simulated flue gas (N2, mercury vapor). The mercury removal mechanism of modified attapulgite was analyzed in a brief. Through the method of controlling the variable, This experiment studied the modifier concentration, adsorbent temperature, modified reagent for mercury