The Science and Engineering of MaterialsThe Science and Engineering of Materials.pptVIP

The Science and Engineering of Materials, 4th edDonald R. Askeland – Pradeep P. Phulé Chapter 6 – Mechanical Properties and Behavior Example 6.10 Design of a Ceramic Support Design a supporting 3-in.-wide plate made of sialon, which has a fracture toughness of 9,000 psi , that will withstand a tensile load of 40,000 lb. The part is to be nondestructively tested to assure that no flaws are present that might cause failure. Example 6.10 SOLUTION Section 6.12Microstructural Features of Fracture in Metallic Materials Transgranular - Meaning across the grains (e.g., a transgranular fracture would be fracture in which cracks would go through the grains). Microvoids - Development of small holes in a material. Intergranular - In between grains or along the grain boundaries. Chevron pattern - A common fracture feature produced by separate crack fronts propagating at different levels in the material. (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning? is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 6.36 When a ductile material is pulled in a tensile test, necking begins and voids form – starting near the center of the bar – by nucleation at grain boundaries or inclusions. As deformation continues a 45° shear lip may form, producing a final cup and cone fracture (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning? is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 6.37 Dimples form during ductile fracture. Equiaxed dimples form in the center, where microvoids grow. Elongated dimples, pointing toward the origin of failure, form on the shear lip (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning? is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 6.38 Scanning electron micrographs of an annealed 1018 steel exhibiting ductile fracture in a tensile test. (a) Equiaxed dimples at the flat center of the cup and cone, and (b) elongated dimples at the shear lip (x 1250) Exa