《高一数学正弦定理 苏教版.pptVIP

正弦定理 * * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. A B C3 C2 C1 C BC的长度与角A的大小有关吗? 三角形中角A与它的对边BC的长度是否存在定量关系? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在Rt△ABC中,各角与其对边的关系: 不难得到: C B A a b c Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在非直角三角形ABC中有这样的关系吗? A c b a C B Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 正弦定理: 在一个三角形中,各边和它所对角的 正弦的比相等. 即 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (1) 若直角三角形,已证得结论成立. 所以AD=csinB=bsinC, 即 同理可得 D A c b C B 图1 过点A作AD⊥BC于D, 此时有　 证法1: (2)若三角形是锐角三角形, 如图1, Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 由(1)(2)(3)知，结论成立． 且 仿(2)可得 D (3) 若三角形是钝角三角形,且角C是钝角如图2, 此时也有 交BC延长线于D, 过点A作AD⊥BC， C A c b B 图2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ＝ ＝ （2R为△ABC外接圆直径） ＝ 2R 思考 求证: Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 证明： O C/ c b a C B A 作外接圆O, 过B作直径BC/,连AC/, Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. A c b C B D a 向量法 证法2: 利用向量的数量积，产生边的长与内角的三角函数的关系来证明. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 剖析定理、加深理解 正弦定理可以解决三角形中哪类问题： ① 已知两角和一边，求其他角和边. ② 已知两边和其中一边的对角，求另一边 的对角，进而可求其他的边和角. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 定理的应用 例 1 在△ABC 中，已知c = 10,A = 45。, C = 30。求 a , b (精确到0.01）. 解： 且 ∵ ∴ b = 19.32 = 已知两角和任意边， 求其他两边和一角 ∵ ∴ a = 1