Glossary of sociology.docVIP

Glossary of sociology —by xianjie.liu.2011.socology Aphorism: a general truth embodied in a short saying 格言：利用简短的话语具体表达出的一般性的事实。 Sociological imagination：the capacity to understand the most impersonal and remote changes in terms of their effect on the human self and to see the relationship between the two。 Personal trouble： a private matter that occurs within the character of an individual and within the range of that individual’s immediate relations with others. Public issue: a matter that transcends the local environment of an individual and the range of that individual’s inner life. Role of others: label and expectations attacted by one individual to another individual or group. Social construction：process individuals use to create their reality through social interaction。 Stigma：negative label that changes an individual’s self-concept and social identity Theories：a set of logically interrelated statements that attempt to explain or predict social events Paradigm: an example, model, or pattern Commensalism: close association that benefits one of two osganisms without benefiting or harming the other. Connubium: marriage Culture shock: the impact of adjust to a totally new culture. Polygamy: (male)having two or more mates Puberty: state of physical development when sexual reproduction becomes possible. Socialization: the process of learing cooperative group living. Learing stage: the knowledge and ability individuals are excepted to have attained at a particular age. TV violence： any overt depiction of use physical force and credible threat of such force intended to harm people physically PSA: Public Service Announcement. Mass media: sources that research a wide audience such as TV,magnizes,newspapers. Objectify: to viem one’s face and body as an object separate from the real life Internalize: make an image part of oneself. Self-fulfilling prophecy: actualize or make real these images by accepting them. Boy code: socializations of boys to