卧式多室流化床干燥技术总结.docx

摘要:在化学工业中，为了满足生产工艺中对物料含水率的要求或便于储存、运输，常常需要用到干燥过程。本次化工原理课程设计的任务是设计一种卧式多室流化床干燥器，将颗粒状物料的含水量从5%降至0.08%，生产能力为1.1万t/年。来自气流干燥器的颗粒状物料用星形加料器加入干燥器的第一室，再经过其余的四个室，在63.87℃下离开干燥器。湿度为0.02的空气经翅片换热器（热载体为400kPa饱和水蒸气）加热至105℃后进入干燥器，经过与悬浮物料接触进行传质传热后，湿度增加到0.0281，温度降至74.8℃。最后将尾气通过旋风分离器和袋滤器，以提高产品的收率。流程中采用前送后抽式供气系统，维持干燥器在略微负压下工作。通过查阅资料和选用公式设计，干燥器较好的设计结果为：床层底面积3.5m2，长度与宽度分别取2.5m和1.4m，高度2.5m，隔板间距0.5m，物料出口堰高0.389m。分布板开孔率7.985%，总筛孔数152214个，孔心距5.151mm。此外，还确定了合适的送风机、排风机、旋风分离器、袋滤器、换热器和空气过滤器等附属设备及型号。关键词：干燥；卧式多室流化床；颗粒状物料；热载体Abstract:In Chemical industry, the process of drying is usually required in order to meet the demand of the rate of water content of material as well as the storage and transportation. The task in the course of Design for the Course of Principles of Chemical Engineering was to fulfill designing a drying equipment of multi-compartment fluidized dryer, which could handle 13,000-ton granular materials a year with water content 3% to an extent of water content of 0.02%. Solids coming from gas-dryer were injected to the first compartment with a star-like feeder, which then past other three compartments one by one and left at 68.5℃. Air, which heated to 105℃ by a fin type heat exchanger (heat carrier, 400kPamoist steam), exchanged heat and mass with granular materials in fluidized bed and discharged from dust collector as clean gas, with humidity increased from 0.02 to 0.05 and temperature decreased from 105℃ to 70.8℃. Blowing fan and exhaust fan were used together in the process flow to keep dryer working under little subatmospheric pressure. After resourcing and calculating, the optimum parameters of multi-compartment fluidized dryer determined in our design work were as follows: fluidized bed area 3m2 with 2.5m in length and 1.2m in width, compartment height 2.3m, distance between division plate 0.5m, weir height for dry product discharge 0.3m, opening ratio 7% in distributor plate with total number of holes 116257 and hole distance 5.5 mm. Furthermore, model number of other accessor