英国文学 名词解释.docVIP

1.(1) Modernism?(现代主义) A?movement?of?experiment?in?new?techniques?in?writing.?Modernist?fiction?represented?a?trend?drifting?away?from?the?tradition?of?the?19th?century?realism.?It?put?emphasis?on?the?description?ogoometimes?it?is?called?modern?psychological?fiction.?Lawrence?is?a?typical?representative?of?it Realism（现实主义） Realism was a loosely used term meaning truth to the observed facts of life （especially when they are gloomy）。 Realism in literature is an approach that attempts to describe life without idealization or romantic subjectivity. Realism现实主义: An elastic and ambiguous term with two meanings. (1) First, it refers generally to any artistic or literary portrayal of life in a faithful, accurate manner, unclouded by false ideals, literary conventions, or misplaced aesthetic glorification and beautification of the world. It is a theory or tendency in writing to depict events in human life in a matter-of-fact, straightforward manner. It is an attempt to reflect life as it actually is--a concept in some ways similar to what the Greeks would call mimesis. (2) Secondly and more specifically, realism refers to a literary movement that developed out of naturalism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Although realism and the concern for aspects of verisimilitude have been components of literary art to one degree or another in nearly all centuries, the term realism also applies more specifically to the tendency to create detailed, probing analyses of the way things really are, usually involving an emphasis on nearly photographic details.These writers include such diverse artists as Mark Twain, Tolstoy, Thomas Hardy. Modernism（现代主义）: Around the two world wars, many writers and artists began to suspect and be discontent with the capitalism. They tried to find new ways to express their understanding of the world. It was a movement of experiments in techniques in writing. It flourished in the 20s and 30s in English literature.They turned their interest