基于单片机的数字温度计教案分析.doc

基于单片机的数字温度计的设计 摘 要：本课题设计了一个基于单片机控制的数字温度计。该系统采用性能价格比较好的热电阻PT100作为温度传感器，利用铂电阻的温度—电阻特性，将温度信号直接转化为电信号，再通过单片机控制程序，将电信号转化为数字信号，再将其温度值在显示器上显示出来，从而实现对温度的测量。电子温度计的检测范围为0? C ~100? C。运用恒流源电路和惠斯登电桥电路作为信号的获取电路，信号放大及处理电路采用三运放组成放大倍数可调的测量放大器，温度值可在液晶显示器LCD上显示，并可根据需要设定温度报警上下限。单片机选用含有10位A/D转换功能的STC90C58系列，同时系统还设计了USB接口电路。为提高其抗干扰性能，温度的检测采用数字滤波算法，软件上采用线性插值法计算温度值。实验表明该设计基本达到设计要求。本设计具有结构简单、价格低廉、测量精度高等特点，具有一定的实用性。 关键字：温度传感器；STC90C58AD；PT100；温度计 Digital Thermometer Based on Single Chip Microcomputer Abstact:This subject designs a digital thermometer based on Single Chip Microcomputer control.It uses thermal resistance Pt100 with better performance evaluation as temperature sensor.Using temperature-resistance characteristic of platinum resistance, the temperature signal was directly converted to electrical signals, then the electric signal was transformed to digital signal and displayed in LCD with control program of MCU .The electronic thermometer can detect temperature from 0? C to 100? C .The constant current source circuit and the Wheatstone bridge circuit are selected as a signal acquisition circuit,signal amplification and processing circuit is composed of three operational amplifiers with adjustable magnification. Temperature can be displayed on liquid crystal display, upper and lower limits temperature alarm can be set according to need.Microcontroller STC90C58 series with 10-bit A/D conversion function is selected, while a USB interface circuit is designed in the system.For improving systematic anti-interference performance,the measuring of temperature adopts digit filter algorithm.Software uses linear interpolation to calculate the temperature value.The experiment proves that this design has totally reached the request booked .this subject has such characters as simple structure,low price high measuring precision,etc.It has certain practicality . Key word:temperature sensor;STC90C58AD;PT100;digital thermometer 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景及意