lecture 2lectue 2.docVIP

Lecture 2 I. The first wave of translation (the end of 4th century BC to around the 1st century AD) Duration：3rd century BC---5th century Key words： the Septuagint ；逐字/直译（word-for-word/literal translation）；意译/自由译（sense-for-sense/free translation）；文学翻译；宗教翻译 Translators： Livius Andronicus ；Cicero；Horace； Quintilian ；Jerome； St. Augustine Major Translation：the Septuagint (285BC—249BC) 《圣经旧约 》 （七十子希腊文本）; a work of collective efforts of 72 Jewish scholars in Egypt. Translation of literary works from Greek to Latin； ?Jerome’s translating the Greek Septuagint Bible into Latin 1 Greece: the Septuagint (285BC—249BC)圣经旧约 （七十子希腊文本）; a work of collective efforts of 72 Jewish scholars in Egypt. Religious Translation /style: faithful word for word 2. Rome 2.1 Livius Andronicus 里维乌斯·安德罗尼柯(284?-204BC) slave—writer—translator/ earliest translator in Rome His first translation: Odyssey/Odissia in意大利萨图尔努斯韵律(Saturnians metre) / less than 50 lines still remained. Methods and styles: liberal and adaptation from Greek Sources (Cicero’s comments upon Andronicus’ translation : hardly poetic. )/ domestication (Roman theological body to replace the Greek one in translating the theological section. P17)Reason: translation purpose: to teach Latin-----the early beginning of the grammar-translation method His Other major translation and adaptation : works by the Greek tragedy writers such as 埃斯库罗斯(Aeschylus)、索福克勒斯(Sophocles)以及欧里庇得斯(Euripides) 2.2 涅维乌斯 Naevius ( 270-200BC) Latin poet, dramatist; writings include: historical drama eg.《罗慕路斯》(Romulus)和《克拉斯提狄乌姆》(Clastidium). Translations: Greek plays. 2. 3 恩尼乌斯 Ennius (254?-184BC) the most influential poet among the early Latin poets, the father of Roman literature; famous works : an epic 《编年纪》(Annales) translation: Greek tragedies/adapted and revised for stage use; adaptation skillful. Cicero had a high opinion of it. But Horace criticized. 2. 4 Other translators: 普劳图斯（ Plautus, 前 239?-169 ）、泰伦斯（ Terence, 前 190?-159 ）、西赛罗（ Cicero