[写作知识与技巧.ppt

大学英语四级考试 写作知识与技巧  （一） 四级作文的考试要求 1. 考生应在30分钟内，根据题目要求及写作提纲或规定情节，图表等写出120字以上，语言比较规范的短文。No more than 180 words. 2. 要求“内容切题，包括提纲的全部要点，表达清楚，文字连贯。句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。” （二）四级作文通病分析 通过对历年英语短文写作考生答卷的分析，考生写作时已具有较大的主动性和创造性。绝大多数考生都有一定的英语基础，也已经基本上掌握了表达自己观点和想法的词汇和语法知识。但从整体得分来看，多数考生短文写作成绩却不尽人意。分数主要集中在5-9分。 考生普遍存在的问题是思维单调，例证堆切，简单罗例数据，片面描绘画面，缺乏主题提升等方面的通病。究其原因，一方面存在着教学过程中忽略了对学生书面表达能力的培养，学生缺乏适量的作文训练；另一方面，还有些考生对英语短文写作的考试要求不十分明确，靠背几篇范文，压几道题，抱着碰运气的态度，就仓促上阵。 （三）四级作文常见的11大症结 1. 大小写，标点符号，拼写错误; 2. 卷面不洁，字迹潦草，用铅笔写作； 3. 语法和结构错误，造成文章结构松散，脱节； 4. 代词，连接词或逻辑顺序词错用，而造成文章的逻辑混乱； 5. 用中文思维加英文翻译所造成的语句生硬，错误； 6. 文不对题，部分跑题或主题不突出所造成 的文章不切题现象。 7. 词汇量匮乏，文章中难见高分词汇； 8. 语法不通，复合句使用错误多且表达不清； 9. 句型单一、句子无变化，表达方式单调; 10. 不会正确使用常用套语，文章缺少层次感； 11. 作文普遍缺乏文采，打动人的杰作奇缺。 2011年11月CET-4 PartI for this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humours saying, “ Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I ‘ve done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part I Writing 【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough. To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed. Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will