主谓一致专项复习.doc

主谓一致专项复习 【复习目标】 ·掌握主谓一致的原则。 ·掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。 【课前准备】 ·要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。 【知识要点】 1\语法形式上的一致。 主语为单数形式， 谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 2.意义上一致。 (1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。 (2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。 形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。 3.就近原则 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。 4.要注意的几个问题。 (1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。 如:His family are watching TV in the sitting room. His family is very big. (2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 如：The pair of glasses fits you well. Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. (3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 如：ours (=Our Party) is a great party. Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. 5.当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。 如：Mr Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. 6.the+adj表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 如：The old are going to be looked after well. 7.and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概 念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词无冠词。 如：A speaker and writer is coming tomorrow.(同一个人) A speaker and a writer are coming tomorrow.(两个人) 8.Every A and every B/Each A and each B/No A and no B作主语时，谓语动词 用单数，其中A、B代表单数名词。 9.The number of+...，谓语动词用单数。 A number of+...，谓语动词用复数，相当于a lot of。 如：The number of the students in our class is 50. A number of students are learning Japanese now. 10.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 Behind the house are some trees. 11.表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓 语动词用单数形式。 如：One and a half bananas is left on the table. 12.几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n/pron决定。而one of+n/pron作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten. 13.名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。 如：The doctors is on the other side of the street. 14.表示“一段时间”“一段距离”“一些钱”的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用 单数。 如：Six miles is too far for an old man to walk. 15.关系代词who