小电流接地选线系统【参考】.doc

毕 业 设 计 题 目： 小电流接地选线系统 院、 系： 电气工程及其自动化 姓 名： 指导教师： 系 主 任： 2014年 6 月 8日 小电流接地选线系统 摘 要 我国中低压配电网中性点广泛采用小电流接地方式，这种接地方式具有供电可靠性高的优点。但发生单相接地故障后，由于故障电流微弱、电弧不稳定等原因，单相接地故障选线和故障定位问题长期以来没有得到很好地解决，至今许多变电站仍然使用人工拉路方法查找故障线路和自测法寻找故障点。本论文重点研究配电网单相接地故障选线及故障定位问题。 通过对配电网单相接地故障暂态过程的深入分析得知：线路存在串联谐振过程和并联谐振过程，线路发生谐振时，故障线路的阻抗时而程容性，时而程感性，其特性受系统出线数、各线路长度等因素的影响较大，此时故障线路零序电流与所有非故障线路零序电流关系较为复杂。 通过分析多种选线方法的优缺点，本文最终选择了信号注入法。分析了注入信号法选线定位原理，指出注入信号法实质上是人为增加了零序电流。讨论了注入信号的探测方法，提出用零序电流互感器探测注入信号的方法。分析了影响注入信号电流在故障线路中流通的因素和注入信号电流的相位特征，指出注入信号电流的相位特征只能作为选线的辅助判据。 关键词 小电流接地系统；单线接地故障；故障定位；信号注入 The small current grounding line selection system Abstract In our country, widely used in low voltage distribution network neutral small current grounding method, the grounding method has the advantage of high power supply reliability. But after the single-phase earth fault occurs, such as weak fault current and arc stability, single-phase earth fault line selection and fault location problem for a long time havent been solved well, up to now many substation still use manual pull way method to find the fault line and the self-test method to find fault point. This paper focuses on power single-phase earth fault line selection and fault location problem. Through the distribution network of single-phase earth fault transient process of the thorough analysis that series resonance process and parallel resonant circuit, circuit resonance occurs, the impedance of the fault line and sometimes Cheng Rong sex, sometimes perceptual process, its characteristics to qualify for the system, the line length is larger, the influence of such factors as the fault line zero sequence current with all non fault line zero sequence current relationship is more complicated. By analyzing the advantages a