Chapter7.1非谓语动词(一)ing形式(动名词+现在分词)(教案)解析.docVIP

非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种： -ing形式（动名词+现在分词）; -ed形式和不定式 (to) (一) -ing形式中的动名词 1．动名词由动词 + ing构成;具有动词和名词的性质;在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语． 1)作主语．例如: Seeing is believing. Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full- time job. It is no use arguing with him. 注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作．例如： Playing with fire is dangerous．(泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous．(指一具体动作) 但在 It is no use／ good，not any use／ good，useless等后必需用动名词。 2)作表语．例如： Her job is teaching. She is teaching in a primary school. 3)作宾语．例如： He is fond of playing football． I like swimming. 注① admit，appreciate，avoid，consider, delay, dislike，enjoy，escape, excuse，face，feel. like，finish，forgive，give up, imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist, risk，suggest，can’t help，can’t stand(无法忍受)等动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式． (考点1)注② forget，go on，like，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。 I remember doing the exercise. (我记得做过练习．) I must remember to do it. (我必须记着做这事．) I tried not to go there．(我尽力不去那里．) I tried doing it again. (我试着又干了一次．) Stop speaking. (不要讲话。) He stopped to talk. (他停下来开始讲话．) I mean to come early today. (我打算今早些来．) Missing the train means waiting for another hour．(误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时．) 注③在 allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带 to的不定式．例如： We don’t allow smoking here. We don t allow students to smoke (宾语补足语). (考点2)注④动词 need，require，want作“需要”解，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用动名词，或不定式的被动式．这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义．例如： The window needs( requires，wants) cleaning (*being cleaned)( to be cleaned) (考点3) 注⑤在短语 devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be( kept) busy，be worth，have difficulty／ trouble／ problem (in)，have a good／ wonderful／ hard time(in)，there’s no use／good／ need，feel／ look／seem／ like／get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式．例如：