现在分词、过去分词的区别要点.pptVIP

现在分词与过去分词的区别 如何区分动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语？ 主要根据非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的关系来决定。 1. 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是被动关系或表动作已完成。就用过去分词。 The book _________ (write) by the peasant is interesting. 2. 1) 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，而且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的一般式（doing) Did you see the girl __________ (dance) with your brother 2) 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的被动式（being done)。例如： The house being decorated now is mine. 3.动词不定式作定语，表示“将来”的意义。 1）不定式与被修饰词之间虽然是动宾关系，但如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，就用不定式的主动形式（to do)。 I have a letter to type. 2 不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行的动作就用动词不定式的被动式（to be done)。 The house to be repaired next month will be mine. 练习： 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1) The house_______ (build) last year is my uncle’s house. 2) The building__________ (build) next year will be the teaching building. 3) The building__________ (build) now will be the lab building. 现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别： 1. 现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质和特征，含有“令人……的” 之意，主语与表语之间是主动关系。主语一般是物。例如： 1) The story sounds interesting. 2) The news was disappointing. 2. 过去分词作表语时一般置于be, get, become, look, sound, feel remain等系动词的后面，表示主语所处的状态或感受, 在逻辑上与主语有被动关系， 例如： 1） I was pleased at the news. 2）The door remained locked 3）He looked very excited. 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别： 现在分词作宾语补足语。 宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是现在分词动作的执行者）。而且表示动作正在进行，就用现在分词作宾语补足语 2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语。 宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是动词不定式动作的执行者）。不表示动作正在进行,只表示动作的全过程,就用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语。 宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着动宾关系（即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者）。就用过去分词作宾语补足语。 1) He got his sister _________ (work) a letter for him. 2) Our teachers have us ______ (do) our homework every day. 3) The boss made his workers ___________ (work) twelve hours a day. 4) He had his sister ____________ (write) a letter for him. 5) I saw his brother __________ (get) in a car. 6) I had that door ___________ (paint) only last week. 7) A week ago I had a hundred dollars __________ (save) 8) We have your medicine ___________ (prepare) now. Please take it. 9) I raised my voice to make myself __________ (hear). 10) Don’t let the light in your room ____________ (burn) all nigh