【三维设计】2014届高考英语二轮专项知识复习精品课件语法系列之动词时态和语态.pptVIP

4．(2012·安徽高考)In order to find the missing child, villagers ________ all they can over the past five hours. A．did B．do C．had done D．have been doing 解析：考查动词时态。句意：为了找到那个丢失的孩子，在过去的五个小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切事情。根据句中的“can”及时间状语“over the past five hours”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，故选D。 答案：D　 　　英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走：第一步确定正确的时态，第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系：如果是主谓关系则用主动语态，如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。 被动语态 1．被动语态的构成 时态 谓语构成 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will be done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 过去将来时 should/would be done 现在完成时 has/have been done 过去完成时 had been done Is honesty the best policy? We are taught that it is when we are little.(2012·上海高考) 诚实是最好的原则吗？我们小时候被教的是肯定的回答。 In the last few years thousands of films have been produced all over the world.(2011·天津高考) 过去几年中全世界有数千部影片被制作出来。 [点津]　动词短语变为被动语态时，要注意动词短语的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词不可遗漏。 They sent for the doctor immediately. →The doctor was sent for immediately. 他们立即派人去请医生。 2．“get＋过去分词”表示被动 Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid on Friday. (2012·辽宁高考) 妈妈，我想知道你能不能借给我几美元，让我能用到星期五发工资。 3．主动形式表示被动意义 (1)系动词look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove, turn等没有被动语态，常用主动形式表示被动。 The dish tastes delicious. 这道菜味道可口。 His plan proved (to be) practical. 他的计划被证明符合实际。 (2)表示主语的某种属性或性能的动词：read, write, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut等，常用主动形式表示被动。 The pen writes smoothly. 这只钢笔写起来流利。 (3)be to blame (受谴责)，be to rent (出租)用主动形式表示被动意义。 He is to blame for the accident. 他应该对那个事故负责。 1．(2012·安徽高考)After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________. A．was decorated B．had decorated C．had been decorating D．was being decorated 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。阅览室显然是被装修，应用被动语态，B和C两项可排除，又根据句意可知，阅览室是正在装修，