[基于单片机的灭火机器人设计.doc

基于单片机的灭火机器人设计 摘 要 该文设计是一款基于单片机的灭火机器人模型的设计。该设计以STC89C52单片机为控制核心的系统，通过自制火焰传感器用于火焰探测，红外光电传感器用于探测障碍物，L298驱动电机前后转动实现机器人平面运动。 该系统火焰探测采用自制的六路火焰传感器，其中是由五路远红外接收二极管和一路近红外接收二极管构成，它与目前其他火焰探测器相比，具有火焰探测精确度相对高、结构较为简单，性能可靠等优点。避障则用E18-D50NK型号的光电传感器，该传感器具有探测距离远、受可见光干扰小、价格便宜、易于装配、使用方便等特点。此设计以数字集成电路技术为基础并以单片机技术为核心，依据传感器的信号传入单片机实现各种指令处理。 实验结果表明，该设计具有成本低、可靠性高、灭火速度快、安装调试方便等特征，具有较好的应用前景。 关键词： STC89C52单片机 光敏晶体管 红外光电开关 L298N E18-D50NK Fire fighting robot hardware design based on single chip microcomputer Abstract In this paper, the design model for the design of a microcontroller-based fire-fighting robot. System to STC89C52RC microcontroller for control core, innovation homemade flame sensor is used to measure the source of fire, use infrared receiverdiode to detect the roadblock. The system use six innovation homemade flame sensors which consist of five remote Infrared receiverdiodes and one close Infrared receiverdiode to measure the source of fire,which compare other measurements with high precision, simple structure, reliable performance characteristics. Obstacle avoidance uses the E18 - D50NK models of photoelectric sensor, the sensor has a long detection distance, small interference by visible light, the price is cheap, easy to assemble and convenient use, etc. This design is based on digital integrated circuit technology and single-chip microcomputer technology as the core, according to the sensor signal to microcontroller processing all kinds of instructions. The experimental results show that the design of low cost, high reliability, fire fast, easy installation features, very suitable for large fire risk coefficient, has a good application prospect. Keywords: STC89C52 microcontroller; photosensitive transistor; infrared photoelectric switch; L298N; E18-D50NK 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 引言 1 1.1 课题的开发背景 1 1.2 课题的研究现状 1 1.3课题研究的意义 2 1.4课题任务 2 第二章 系统基本原理与总体方案设计 3 2.1 灭火机器人的基本原理 3 2.2 灭火机器人的整体设计 3 2.3 灭火机器人模型的测量方案 4 2.3.1 避障模块 4 2.3.2 火焰检测方案 5 第三章 系统硬件电