[青海油田利用亲水钝化膜防蜡的新方法研究.docVIP

青海油田利用亲水钝化膜防蜡的新方法研究 摘要：结蜡现象严重制约着青海油田的原油产量。目前，青海油田已经针对油田特点发展了一系列清防蜡技术，并提出了一种新型防蜡方法，即加入油管表面处理剂，使其与油管表面反应形成亲水钝化膜，达到防蜡、防腐、防垢的目的。本文调研了青海油田清防蜡技术的应用现状，详细阐述了新型油管表面处理剂的配方及防蜡原理，从微观角度分析了处理后亲水钝化膜的形成过程，并通过试验从理论上解释了亲水钝化膜的防蜡机理，同时对其防蜡效果进行了综合评价。现场试验表明，该新型防蜡方法具有良好的经济效益和广阔的应用前景。 关键词：结蜡，亲水钝化膜，防蜡机理，经济效益评价 New Method of Applying Hydrophilic Inactive Membrane to Control Paraffin in Qinghai Oilfield Abstract: The paraffin precipitation is seriously restricting the crude oil production of Qinghai Oilfield. At present, Qinghai Oilfield has developed a series of paraffin removal and control methods according to its oil features, and proposed a new type of paraffin control methods. The new method can control paraffin, protect corrosion and prevent scaling by adding a certain kind of oil tube surface treating chemical to react with the surface of the oil tube and form a hydrophilic inactive membrane. This paper researched the application status of paraffin control technology in Qinghai Oilfield, and elaborated the formulations and paraffin control principles of the new oil tube surface treating chemical. Besides, the formation process of the hydrophilic inactive membrane is analyzed from the microscopic point, and the theoretical mechanism and application effects of paraffin control is obtained by experiments. Field tests show that the new paraffin control method can make excellent economic benefits and provide broad application prospects. Keywords: paraffin precipitation, hydrophilic inactive membrane, mechanism of paraffin control, evaluation of economic benefits 青海油田经过五十年的勘探，在柴达木盆地已找到不同圈闭类型、多种储集类型的油气田二十五个，在已探明石油地质储量的油田中花土沟、油砂山、尕斯中浅层、跃进二号、七个泉、狮子沟浅层、咸水泉、乌南等大部分油田都存在结蜡现象。青海油田地层温度普遍不高，温度范围在40℃-70℃，原油含蜡量在17-23%之间，且多为高碳蜡，开采过程中压力降低，伴生气体大量析出温度降低，油井结蜡较为严重，造成抽油机井悬点载荷增加，成为制约原油产量的一个重要因素。 1 青海油田清防蜡技术应用现状 油井清防蜡技术[1]是油井正常维护的必要手段之一，对油田的稳产、增产、提高油井生产时率、节省开采成本及提高管理水平起着十分重要的作用。油井结蜡对每个油田来说，各有特点，一般来说，开采初期比较严重，到中期和后期油井结蜡量逐淅减少。目前青海油田使用的清防蜡方式主要有机械清防蜡、化学清防蜡、热力清防蜡。 机械清防蜡包括强磁防蜡器、刮蜡器、自动清蜡器等。机械清防蜡技术简单，但需停产清蜡，且防蜡周期短。 热