《188套重组优化卷》高考英语总复习—Section12阅读理解Word版含解析.doc

Section 12　阅读理解 ?社会生活类 主旨大意题解题技巧 【考题探究】 阅读理解中非常重要的一个技巧就是在阅读中迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意，也就是中心思想。一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心思想展开的。要领悟文章的主旨大意，这就需要考生具备归纳和概括等方面的能力。而这种归纳和概括能力又常常是考试中考查的重点。 研读高考真题，我们会总结出，对于文章或段落的主旨概括设问的形式一般是： 1．The main idea of the passage(text) is________． 2．The text (passage)is mainly about________． 3．What does the passage mainly discuss (deal with)? 4．Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea? 5．The main point of the passage is________． 6．The best headline for this newspaper article would be________． 7．Which of the following is the best title to be given to the article? 8．What is the topic of the text? 9．The main purpose of the story is to tell us________． 10．The conclusion we can get from the story is________． 大家只要记住，看到问题中使用mainly，main，title，headline，topic，conclusion等词时，就能仔细领会文章的主旨大意了。 【方法指导】 文章(或段落)的构成有其内在的规律性，其中心思想往往是通过主题句来体现的。因此考生对以下四种结构应首先有所了解，然后通过一系列有意识的训练进而掌握它们。 1．主题句在篇(段)首的结构 这种结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别(特殊)的步骤，即先概述，然后用细节加以说明。 Jane Clark，fairhaired，blueeyed and tough as steel，has just won the most difficult race in the world.In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge(雪橇)across 1，050 miles of the Arctic Circle and through some of the most difficult land in the world.In bitter(刺骨的) winds and snowstorms she drove her dogs along the Arctic track, in temperatures that reached —38℃.When Jane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race，she said，“I still can’t believe it.”She then went over to inspect her thirteen wildeyed dogs.David Wilson，who came second，said，“It sure hurts when a young woman is ahead of you.But it doesn’t hurt for long.She was a good winner.” Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article? A．Woman wins the world’s toughest race! B．Woman fights bitter winds and snowstorms! C．Woman wins a sledge race in the world! D．Woman drives a dog team across the Arctic! 解析　这篇文章的首句就是主题句，其后的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛”，或是从侧面说明赢得这场比赛的不容易。本篇的终结句进一步呼应了主题句。所以答案是A。 答案　A 2．主题句在末尾的结构 尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写的，其步骤是先表述细节