【专项备考】2014届名校精编高考英语二轮专题精品课件阅读理解二.pptVIP

【考点3】词义猜测题 1. 词义猜测题的常见形式： (1)直接对某个陌生的词汇进行理解； (2)对文中的某个代词确认指代的对象； (3)对多义词或短语进行文中含义的精确定义； (4)对英语中特有的表达、格言、谚语等进行直接的或解释性的描述。 2. 词义猜测题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解和处理生词的能力, 它包括对词、词组和句意的理解。词义猜测不仅是一项阅读技巧, 也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面。 【典例】 （·全国卷Ⅰ·A）. . . The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. . . . 57. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据上下文可知, 此处指寻找蜂蜜的动物或人。a honey seeker寻找蜂蜜者。故选C。beekeeper表示“养蜂人”。 【点拨】词义猜测题的三大突破： 1. 根据定义猜测词义。如果生词由定语从句、同位语（同位语前常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say等）或同位语从句来定义, 或使用破折号、冒号、分号后的内容或引号中的内容加以解释, 理解这些定义或解释就是在理解词义。 2. 根据对比、比较关系猜测词义。在一个句子或段落中如有对两个事物或两种现象的对比性描述, 我们可以从生词的对立面猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词语主要有：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast等。表示对比关系的句子结构有：while引导的并列句。表示比较关系的词语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as well as等。 3. 通过构词法猜测词义。生词的前缀、后缀、复合词的各部分、词性的变化都可以暗示出词义。 注意： ①不管这个词多超纲, 根据上下文都能得出其意思; ②不管这个词多熟悉, 都要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的意思。 【跟踪训练】 1 ·全国卷Ⅱ·B . . . If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t fl