如何写英文Abstract[精心整理].docVIP

How to Write an Abstract 什么是摘要Abstract? an abstract comprises one paragraph which describes the main content of a paper and appears at the very beginning of the paper. 摘要是叙述文章主要内容的一个段落，并且位于文章的开头部分。 摘要是以梗概形式呈现的一篇文章要点的总结，它强调了一篇文章所包含的重要的信息。它也可以帮助读者快速的了解到是否这篇文章是他们感兴趣的，是否他们需要来阅读整篇文章。而且，国家或国际出版社的编辑通常通过浏览投稿文章的摘要来决定是否投稿人的文章是可以被录用的。因此，对于学者和研究人员来说，写一份好的摘要至关重要。 写作Abstract的目的 对于科技论文的摘要，Abstract的目的有以下几点： Introduce journal articles. Inform readers about article`s content. Help readers decide whether or not to read article. Overview conference programs,abstract collections,and book chapters. 学习写作Abstract的必要性 1.Helps you present complex information in a clear,concise manner. 2.Helps you read abstracts more effectively. 3.Helps you conduct research. 4.Helps you write abstracts for future publications. 5.Helps you condense report information into a short format for database searches. 四、Abstract的写作要求 1.Use one or more well-developed paragraphs,which are unified,coherent,concise,and able to stand alone（200-300 words). 2.Use an introduction-body conclusion structure in which the parts of the parts of the report are discussed in order:purpose,researcquestions,method,findings,conclusions,recommendations. 3.Follows strictly the chronology of the report. 五、Abstract的分类 1.informative abstract 内容摘要 - the primary research objective or purpose - method employed in solving the problems - principal findings or results - major conclusions and serves as a substitute for the full paper 2.descriptive abstract指示性摘要 outlines the topics covered in the paper and is like a table of contents in paragraph form. 六、Abstract的结构 1.Background – why do you want to do the research? 2.Research question – what question are you trying to answer and what is the research topic of your paper? 3.Method – how (what material, what method, and what procedures) do you get answers to your research question? 4.Results – what is your answer to the question? 5.Conclusions – what implic