ppt课件-澳门开放societyand专业-劳特利奇（ the open societyand educationin macau- routledge）.pptVIP

EX POST FACTO RESEARCH ? LOUIS COHEN, LAWRENCE MANION KEITH MORRISON STRUCTURE OF THE CHAPTER Co-relational and criterion groups designs Characteristics of ex post facto research Occasions when appropriate Advantages and disadvantages of ex post facto research Designing an ex post facto investigation Procedures in ex post facto research TWO APPROACHES TO EX POST FACTO RESEARCH One commences with subjects who differ on an independent variable, for example their years of study in mathematics, and then study how they differ on the dependent variable, e.g. a mathematics test. One commences wi