高中英语 Module 1《Deep South》-Grammar教案 外研版选修8.docVIP

Module 1 Deep South Grammar and Usage -- Review of subjects Goals To review and master the use of subjects and verbs Procedures Step 1: Review subjects 1.主语的定义：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首，但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 2.主语的表现形式： 1)名词 Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. 2)代词 We often speak English in class. 3)数词 One third of the students in this class are girls. 4)不定式 To swim in the Lijiang river is a great pleasure. To master a foreign language is necessary. 5)动名词 Smoking does harm to the health. Playing football in the street is dangerous. 6)名词化的形容词 The rich are not always happy. The beautiful is not always good. 7)主语从句 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet. What the treaty aims to do is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent. 8)作形式主语 It is necessary to master a foreign language. It is a pity that he can’t come to the party. 3. 主谓一致 主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致，即主语为单数形式， 谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式 2)意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 (1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。 (2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。 3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，如there be句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。 要注意的几个问题 (1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数; 如果指每个成员，用复数。 His family are watching TV in the sitting room. His family is very big. (2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 The pair of glasses fits you well. Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. (3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 Ours (=Our Party) is a great party. Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. (4)当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。 Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. (5)the + adj.表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The old are going to be looked after well. (6)and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人