[高三句子成分.docVIP

句子成分 句子的基本句型： 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 你所知道的句子成分有哪些？ 为什么要学习句子成分？ 可以担任主语的有哪些词或短语？ 主语是信息表达的出发点，它为理解后面的内容提供了线索和框架。所以主语是一句话的中心，是一个句子所叙述的主体。 主语通常由名词或代词的主格形式来表示，一般位于句首，谓语动词之前。 Six and three is nine. The rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. To improve the agricultural land needs a lot of money. Collecting stamps is a good hobby. What he wanted to see was an end to all armies of the world. 二、谓语 谓语表示主语的行为动作或所处的状态。一个句子主要分两部分，即主语部分和谓语部分。而谓语部分的中心词是限定动词即谓语动词。谓语可分简单谓语和复合谓语两大类。 简单谓语有人称和数的变化，有各种时态`语态和语气。 其形式主要有两种：单个动词和短语动词。 复合谓语分为动词性复合谓语和名词性复合谓语。 动词性复合谓语有以下四种形式： 情态动词+动词原形 动词不定式 Be +形容词+不定式 动词被动语态+主语补足语 名词性复合谓语：系动词+表语 谓语主要由两种 ：系动词和实义动词 （1）I’m going to see a friend of my father’s tomorrow. （2）Soon we all became interested in the subject. 三、表语 表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语。用来说明主语的身份 类属 特征 状态等 系动词有： ,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem, feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, get,grow,come,go etc 系动词不用于被动语态 英语里，可以用作表语的有哪些呢？ 1、His brother is an engineer. 2、These sweets are mine, those are yours. 3、Are you excited about your new job? 4、Her jobs is raising pigs.（注意体会现在进行时和-ing分词作表语的区别） 5、The price sounds reasonable. 6、She is thirty but looks twenty. 7、She was up very early this morning. 8、They are of great help to learners of English. 9、I think the best thing you should do is (to) look for another job. 10、It was what they had been working so hard to find: pure radium. 四、宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人. 可以作宾语的有哪些呢？ Five plus three equals eight. He wanted to have a cup of tea. They enjoy sharing their work experience. We should heal the wounded and save the dying. I hear that the hotels there are very expensive. 五、宾语补足语。 可以作宾语补足语的有哪些？ ?I find the problem very difficult. He tried hard to make himself understood. (翻译) Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off. (翻译) We can see them flying along the river. The people had considered him to be a great leader.(翻译) He made London the base for his revolutionary work.