[高考英语知识点10短文综合填空.docVIP

知识点10 短文综合填空 选词填空型“完形填空”是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。要完成好这类题，做到事半功倍，需要掌握一定的方法与技巧。 1．统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。 2．根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。 3．利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。 4．复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。 ?Languages change with time and the world. So does English. New __1__ are borrowed from other languages. About nine hundred years ago there were __2__ changes in England. __3__ words were borrowed into English from __4__. About five hundred years ago there was __5__ change. This time it was a change in pronunciation(发音), but the spelling was not __6__ changed. English words are spelled quite the __7__ as they were in those days. The spelling shows how words were spoken at that time. It does not __8__ us much about the pronunciation of words today. For __9__, the letters “gh” in the word “night” show us nothing about how it is spoken now. That’s __10__ students learning English find English spelling so confusing（容易弄混淆的）. choose, never, thirsty, need, time, play, on, exercises, through difference Do you want to be healthier? Then go 1 the passage, and you may find it’s easy to keep fit. Eat all kinds of foods, especially fruits and vegetables. You may have a favourite kind of food, but the best 2 is to eat as many kinds as possible. If you eat 3 foods, you’re more likely to get the nutrients（营养） your body needs . Taste new foods that you 4 tried before. Some foods, such as green vegetables, are very important. Have five servings(份) of fruits and three vegetables. Drink water and milk often. When you are really 5 , cold water is the No. 1 choice. Kids need calc