(第四章句子翻译.pptVIP

第四章 句子翻译 4.1 英汉翻译中主语的选择 4.1.1 主语对译 4.1.2 改变原句主语 4.1.3 英语主谓结构译成汉语的无主句 4.1.4 英语主谓结构与汉语“主题＋述题”结构对译 4.2 英语中某些特殊结构译成汉语时主语的选择 4.2 .1 被动句中主语的处理 4.2 .2无灵主语 有灵主语 4.3 动态与静态 4.4 替代与重复 4.5 长句的处理 4.6 定语从句的翻译 4.7 状语从句的翻译 4.8 其它 4.1英汉翻译中主语的选择 1、主语对译 1) He had enjoyed being outdoors and had reveled(狂欢) in pitting his strength against the force of nature. 他曾喜欢户外活动，醉心于用自己的体力与大自然较量。 2) How can they break down the barriers of fear and hostility which have divided the two trade blocs? 他们怎样才能排除导致这两个贸易集团互相对立的恐惧和敌视等障碍呢？ 3） She untied her shawl and let it hang around her neck . 她解下围巾，把它搭在脖子上。 2、改变原句主语 1) I pictured the faces of my husband and children. 丈夫和孩子们的面容浮现在我的眼前。 2) Jordan is particularly struck by Maria, a shy young girl with a cropped head. 尤其给乔丹留下深刻印象的是玛丽亚，她是一个害羞的小姑娘，头发剪得短短的。 3）Her simple clothing suited her age and figure. 她衣着素净，和她的年龄、体型都很配。 3、英语主谓结构译成汉语的无主句 1) Standing armies did not then exist. 那时还没有常备军。 2) Often it does not rain there for a whole year or longer. 那里常常一年到头也不下雨。 3）When seeds are planted, care must be taken that they are well spread out. 播种时，必须注意把种子均匀散开。 4、英语主谓结构与汉语“主题＋述题”结构对译 1) I tried everything I could think of. 凡是能想的办法我都试过了。 2) I recognize her brilliance, but question her responsibility. 她有才华我承认，但她有责任心我到感到怀疑。 3）If developed countries are capable of hosting the World Expo, so are we developing countries. 世界博览会发达国家能够举办，发展中国家同样也能举办。 4.2 英语中某些特殊结构译成汉语时主语的选择 1、被动句中主语的处理 The real meaning of Christmas had been restored to us. 我们再次体会到了圣诞的真正内涵。 2) In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries assess its reality. 在法庭上，要求目击者为案件提供证据，由法官和陪审团判断其可靠性。 Before long the bike was fixed. 车很快就修好了。 2、无灵主语 有灵主语 As we crossed that high bridge, a kind of breathlessness gripped me. 在过那座高桥时，我简直紧张得透不过气来。 2) Fortunately the dense fog had prevented the enemy from discovering that the lines were unoccupied. 幸而当时大雾沉沉，敌人没有发现前线无人防守。 The thought of it often fills me with a nameless nervous