毕业设计论文-我国遭遇国际技术贸易壁垒的原因及对策探析.docVIP

Abstract Since the reform and opening up, Chinas rapid growth in foreign trade in 2009, import and export volume reached 2.20727 million U.S. dollars, ranking third in the world is a big trading country. However, in recent years, the developed countries more and more use of international technical trade barriers, trade protection as a new tool, through the implementation of international technical barriers to trade measures to raise Chinas exports to international markets, while undermined Chinas export products in international the competitiveness of export enterprises in our country has caused tremendous economic losses. International Technical barriers to trade in their flexibility and concealment in many countries, particularly the developed countries to restrict imports to protect domestic markets as a means of China, the worlds largest developing country, the victim is particularly serious. In this paper, knowledge of international technical barriers to trade, analyze China has been suffering because of international technical barriers to trade, as well as international technical trade barriers on Chinas export trade, and then put forward our government, business and industry associations such as the main international technical trade barriers in response to countermeasures to be taken. Key Words：International technical barriers to trade,certification systems,technical level 引 言 中国加入世界贸易组织后，可以在WTO框架内参与国际分工，充分利用中国的比较优势参与国际竞争，利用WTO规则开展国际贸易，这极大促进了中国对外贸易的发展进程。但是随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的发展，各国限制贸易的手段也随之发生了变化，从以前的关税壁垒为主要手段发展成为现在的以非关税壁垒为主要手段，国际技术贸易壁垒以其灵活性和隐蔽性正成为国际贸易壁垒的主题。 1.我国遭遇国际技术贸易壁垒的现状 1.1国际技术贸易壁垒出现的背景 国际技术贸易壁垒的产生有着深刻的社会背景和技术背景。社会经济的发展，人们的生活水平随之日益提高，人们的消费行为也随之发生了变化，对商品质量和性能的要求也在不断地增高。为了保护消费者的权益，各国纷纷制定了诸多的法律法规和安全、卫生等标准，以此对产品质量实行严格的管理。另外各国在强调发展经济的同时，却对环境保护重视不够，导致生态环境不断恶化，人类的健康和生存受到威胁。为了保护生态环境，各国纷纷采取技术性措施。这些措施的实施对贸易的发展造成了重大的影响。 由于各国在维护国家安全、人来健康以及生存环境等方面搜到民族信仰、宗教文化、价值观念的约束，特别是共话程度、科学技术水平的差异，以及各国自然条件、自然资源等各有特点，导致了各国的法律法规和标准不尽相同，各国生产、经营、管理的实践中根据其技术水平、技术传统和本区域实际的发展状况，形成