后扰流板对轿车气动特性影响的数值模拟仿1..docxVIP

后扰流板对轿车气动特性影响的数值模拟仿真摘要空气动力学特性参数作为汽车最重要的性能参数之一对汽车的动力性、经济性、操纵稳定性等有着极其重要的影响。随着道路、交通条件的不断改善，轿车在行驶中高速行驶的时段越来越多。随着车速的提高，车身周围气流作用于轿车的气动升力也会相应增大，这样就降低了轿车的地面附着力，严重影响轿车的操纵稳定性和行驶的安全性。为了解决高速行驶轿车升力过大的问题，可以在轿车尾部加装后扰流板，通过扰流板产生的下压力来减小轿车的气动升力。汽车后扰流板在轿上不同的位置以及它的不同形状对轿车气动特性的影响是不相同的，因此，如何选择汽车后扰流板的位置参数和形状参数就成为通过加装扰流板改善高速行驶轿车气动特性的关键本文阐述了汽车空气动力学特性研究的背景和意义，以及进行空气动力学模拟研究的发展和应用现状，研究了汽车外流场数值模拟的理论基础。以某款轿车模型为研究对象，以计算流体力学软件FLUENT为工具，利用移动边界条件进行三维数值模拟，分析了模型加装后扰流板前后的外流场，研究了后扰流板的攻角对汽车空气动力学特性的影响情况。计算结果表明，后扰流板的合理安装可以改善尾流结构，优化汽车空气动力学特性。本文主要工作如下：1．分析后扰流板对汽车空气动力学特性影响的背景和意义，研究汽车外流场数值模拟的理论基础。2在 20m/s 和 40m/s 两种车速下，研究汽车的空气动力学特性，分析汽车模型在加装后扰流板前后空气动力学特性的变化。3研究汽车后扰流板不同攻角重要参数变化对汽车的空气动力学特性的影响。研究结果表明，后扰流板的合理安装对于改善汽车空气动力学特性具有重要意义。关键词：计算流体动力学，空气动力学，外流场，汽车，后扰流板AbstractThe aerodynamic characteristics is one of the most importantparameters for road vehicles (especially for passenger cars and racing car),which has a great effect on the performance, fuel economy and handlingquality. As the roads condition improved, vehicles have more and moretime driving in high velocity With the increase of vehicle’s velocity, theaerodynamic lift produced by this kind of varies will become heavier, whichwill reduce the ground adhesion and can do harm to the performance andlower the passengers’ security. To reduce the aerodynamic lift of the carwith high velocity, we could set a tail wing on the rear hood of the car.Because different position of the tail wing to set and different shape of thetail wing have different influence in aerodynamics. So, it is important tochoose the suitable location parameter and shape parameter to improvethe aerodynamics characteristics of the car with high velocity.The background and the meaning of automobile aerodynamics were introduced firstly by this thesis,and it can be concluded that Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is an important method inautomobile aerodynamics research. The theory basic of the car external flow field was studied. Theaerodynamic characteristics of a simplified car model wer