积极心理学03-beliefs.pptVIP

Extremely Happy People (Diener and Seligman, 2002) Everyone experiences negative emotions Different cognitive interpretations (pessimists vs. optimists) Self-fulfilling prophecies Spiraling down or up Ayres, J. Hopf, T. (1992). Visualization: Reducing Speech Anxiety and Enhancing Performance. Communication Reports, 5, 1-10. Bandura, A. (1999). Perceived Self-Efficacy in Cognitive Development and Functioning. Educational Psychologist, 28 (2), 117-148. Benson, H. (1997). Timeless Healing. Scribner. Burns, D. (1999). Feeling Good : The New Mood Therapy. Avon. Langer, E. (1989). Mindfulness. Addison-Wesley. Leahy, R. L. (2003). Cognitive Therapy Techniques: A Practitioner’s Guide. Guilford Publication. White, S. S. Locke, E. A. (2000). Problems with the Pygmalion Effect and Some Proposed Solutions. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 389-415. Rosenthal, R., and Jacobson, L. (1968). Pygmalion in the Classroom. New York: Rinehart and Winston. Selgiman, M. (1998). Learned Optimism : How to Change Your Mind and Your Life. Free Press. Bibliography and Recommendations * Beliefs asSelf-Fulfilling Prophecies Roger Bannister Outline Beliefs shape reality How it works Optimizing optimism Raising our beliefs We are what we think.All that we are arises with our thoughts.With our thoughts, we make our world. The Buddha Pygmalion Pygmalion Pygmalion in the classroom (Robert Rosenthal) In the workplace Jamieson (1987) “Treat a man as a he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he shall become as he can and should be.” Johann Wolfgang von Goethe The Power of the Situation Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Zimbardo’s Prison Experiment The (Positive) Power of the Situation men above 75 week in “1959” resort mental and biological age decreases Langer (1989) testing eyesight Improves with role Langer (1979) Positive Priming Bargh (1999) Dijksterhuis Van Knippensberg (1998) Creating a positive environ