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Chapter 9 Nervous System Objectives I．Nervous System-Basic Structure and Function After completing this chapter, you should be able to: name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each; fully discuss the three general functions of the nervous system, and draw a figure that summarizes them; construct a flow chart illustrating the relationship between the divisions of the nervous system; distinguish between sensory receptors and effectors; describe the structure of a neuron; compare the histological characteristics of neuroglia and neurons; describe grey matter and white matter, and give examples of each; describe the cellular properties that permit communication among neurons and effectors; describe the various types of neural circuits in the nervous system; define the terms?ventricles?and?central canal?(in the CNS); classify neurons according to their function; classify neurons according to their structure, drawing an illustration of each. II. The Spinal Cord and Brain After completing this chapter, you should be able to: outline the major divisions of the nervous system; discuss how the organs of the central nervous system (CNS) are protected in terms of bones, membranes and fluid; discuss the external structure of the spinal cord in terms of its length, start, end, number of segments, and enlarged areas; name the terminal point of the spinal cord, the term used for how the remaining spinal nerves appear, and the point at which they terminate; fully discuss the cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord; distinguish between a horn and a column in the spinal cord; explain which portion of the spinal cord is the location for the major nerve tracts, and discuss their significance; compare and contrast ascending and descending tracts; discuss the general characteristics of nerve tracts; discuss the features located on the periphery of the spinal cord in cross-section; define the term ganglion and discuss the specificities of a dorsal r