高二英语被动语态讲义与专项练习 新课标 人教版.docVIP

高二英语被动语态讲义与专项练习 一、被动语态的构成形式　　1. 被动语态的基本时态变化　　被动语态通常为种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为e.g. ，各种时态的被动语态形式为：　　1) am/is/are +done 一般现在时　　 e.g. Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） am/is /are being done 现在进行时　　e.g. A new cinema is being built here．3） was/were done 一般过去时 e.g. I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 4） was/were being done 过去进行时　　e.g. A meeting was being held when I was there.5） has /have been done 现在完成时　　e.g. All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.6） had been done 过去完成时　　e.g. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时　　e.g. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done 过去将来时　　e.g. The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）　　e.g. The project will have been completed before July.10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）　　e.g. He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 附：动词的时态 一般现在时的用法 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。 e.g. The earth moves around the sun. 表示“出发”“开始”“往来”的动词可用现在时表示将来。 e.g. John gets back from America tonight. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时表示将来。 e.g. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. When I graduate, I’ll go to the countryside. 现在进行时的用法 表示现在正在进行的动作。 现在进行时用于替代一般现在时表示某种情绪，如赞许、厌烦，不满等，常与副词always, often连用。 e.g. Don’t believe him. He is always telling lies. That boy is always making trouble. 表示位置移动的动词如：come, go, leave, arrive, start等，用进行时表示一个即将发生的动作，而不表示动作正在进行。 e.g. The foreign teacher is arriving on Monday. 一般过去时的用法 表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。 e.g. He worked in a factory in 1986. 表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用used to + do或would + do。 e.g. During the vacation, I would / used to swim in the sea. 过去进行时的用法 表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正在进行的动作。 e.g. He was reading a novel when I came in. while表示时间段，其引导的从句用过去进行时。 e.g. While I was taking a shower, the telephone rang. He was reading the newspap