I句子结构1.docVIP

句子 概述 1、句子是一个语言单位。它是由词按照一定的语法结构构成，并表达一个完整而独立的意思。句首字母必须大写，句末则有句号、问号或感叹号。 2、句子按照结构分有：简单句、并列句和复合句。按照用途分有：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。 二、句子的结构分类 （一）简单句 有一个主语（或者并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫做简单句。其基本句型有五种： S+V（主+谓） He smiled. S+V+P(主+谓+表) We are chinese. S+V+O（主+谓+宾） The hotel offters a host of leisure activities. S+V+o+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾） My father gave me a present. S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补） We call him Mr Ke.Id like to travel in the holidays, but my wife insists on going to her parents home. 1、联合关系 常用的连词有and(同，和), when(=and just at this time就在这时，然后), not only…but (also)…(不仅……而且……), neither…nor…（既不……也不……）等。如： He helps me and I help him.他帮我，我帮他。 He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。 I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 我正要离开，电话铃响了。 2、选择关系 常用的连词有or(或者，否则), otherwise(否则), or else(否则), either...or(不是……就是)。如： Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late. 快点，否则就会迟到了。 Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。 3、转折关系 常用的连词有but(但是，可是，只是因为), while(而、却), yet(可是)等。还有副still(仍然），however(然而)也表示转折关系。如： It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。 I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。 She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 她说她会迟到，但她却准时到达了。 He is good-natured; still I dont like him. 他脾气很好,可是我还是不喜欢他。 The book is expensive; however, its worth it. 这本书很贵；却很值。 Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 她虽然感觉不舒服，但她仍然去上班。 4、因果关系 常用的连词有for so等。如： I am thirsty, for it is hot. 我口渴，因为天气太热。 The manager was ill so I went in her place. 经理病了所以我代她去。 练习： 简单句翻译并标出是五种基本句型的哪一种。 （1）、这种食物尝起来很糟糕我昨天看了一部电影昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。请把你的画给我看一下。只要你不失去信心，我会给你提供机会的。学生们一路上不停地说笑。事故是昨天晚上发生的( )1.I help him___ he helps me. We help each other . A. but B. and C. or D. though ( ) 2 ___ he ___ I am a doctor. A. Both; and B. Either; nor C. Neither; nor D. Neither; and ( ) 3 Some of us would like to act the story ___ it isnt finished yet. A. but B. and C. though D. so ( ) 4 One more week, ___ we will finish the task. A. or