杭州湾南岸滩涂沉积物中典型POPs的平面分布研究..docxVIP

2008-2012年杭州湾南岸表层滩涂沉积物中HCHs、DDTs和PCBs污染状况分析施家威1*，龚文杰2，李继革1，王玉飞1，范建中1摘要: 应用GC-MS/MS对杭州湾南岸滩涂沉积物中的HCHs、DDTs和PCBs这三种持久性有机污染物污染水平及其趋势性变化研究。3类污染物的污染水平依次为DDTs HCHs PCBs, 其质量分数范围分别为0.21~32.90、0.09~13.10和0.16~4.10μg/kg ( 以干质量计)。3类污染物年间污染水平变化不大，但有略微下降的趋势，其含量冬季高，春夏两季相对较低。在该研究区域中DDTs、HCHs污染呈现出向入海口逐渐减少的趋势，而PCBs与当地印染业及经济的发达程度有关。研究表明HCH s和DDT来自远距离大气传输及历史残留，没有新的输入，PCBs主要来自于以五氯联苯为主的油漆添加剂。关键词: 杭州湾南岸；沉积物；HCHs；DDTs；PCBs；Study on residual level of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in the surface sediments collected from South Bank of Hangzhou Bay, 2008-2012SHI Jiawei1*, GONG Wenjie2, LI Jige1, WANG Yufei, 1 FAN Jianzhong1[Abstract]The residual levels of OCPs (including HCHs and DDTs) and PCBs in the surface sediments collected from South Bank of Hangzhou Baywere analyzed by GC-M S /MS, and study of the trend of changes. The levels of three types of pollutants were as follows: DDTs HCHsPCBs, ranging from 0.21 to 32.90μg/kg, 0.09 to 13.10μg/kg and 0.16 to 4.10μg/kg dry weight respectively. Three kinds of pollutants in sediment average content changed little, and their contentsare high in winter, low in the spring and summer. The pollution ofDDTs and HCHs decreased in the estuary , and the pollution of PCBs related to the local printing and dyeing industry and economic level . The results showed that the pollution of HCHs and DDTs mainly came from long distance atmospheric transportation and historical residues, no new input. PCBs mainly derived from the pentanchrobiphenyl based paint additives.[Keywords] South Bank of Hangzhou Bay; Sediments; HCHs；DDTs；PCBs持久性有机污染物( Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs)曾广泛用于农业(作为杀虫剂)和工业，部分作为副产物在一些工业制造或燃烧过程中产生。持久性有机污染物大范围存在于环境中，由于它的亲脂性，不易降解，很难排出生物体外，可以在食物链中富集，作为生物圈内最高营养级的人类，POPs蓄积浓度不断增大,该类污染物毒性高, 即使在微量水平也能对生态环境和人体健康产生显著不良影响[1-3]。由于POPs的毒性和持久性，受到各国科学家的关注，POPs在沉积物、土壤和其它环境介质中的组成、含量与来源解析成为了研究者们关注的热点之一[4]。近海沉积物是众多污染物在环境中迁移转化的重要载体、归宿地和积蓄库, 它记录了人类工业文明中各种污染物的来源、分布、迁移和转化的历史, 是追溯海洋污染历史的最佳工具[5]。潮间带是陆地与海洋之间相互作用最活跃的地带, 其环境与生态系统受到陆地和海洋的双重作用, 是一个多功能、多界面、多过程的生态环境脆弱带[6、7]。杭州湾位于中国浙江省东北部