l国际市场营销第三章.pptVIP

History is Subjective History is Subjective History is important in understanding why a country behaves as it does. A crucial element in understanding any nation’s business and political culture is the subjective perception of its history. Viewed from one’s own biases and SRC. Few historians can help filtering events though their own cultural biases. 历史是主观的 历史是主观的： 历史对于理解一个国家为什么要按照它的方式行事是很重要的. 理解任何国家的企业和政治文化的一个关键要素是对历史的主观认识. 从自己的偏见和自我参照准则出发去认识历史事件. 几乎没有历史学家能够不受自身文化偏见的影响而去看待历史事件. Sustainable development 可持续发展 A joint approach among those (governments, businesses, environmentalists, and others) who seek economic growth with “wise resource management, equitable distribution of benefits and reduction of negative efforts on people and the environment from the process of economic growth”. 在经济发展的同时，实现“资源的合理利用，利益得以均摊，在经济发展过程中减少对任何环境的危害”。 Necessary to know about: (1) rural/urban population shifts (2) rates of growth (3) age levels, and (4) population control (5) rural-urban migration of world population (6) population decline and aging (7) worker shortage and immigration 需要了解: (1) 农村/城市人口的变动 (2) 增长率 (3) 年龄分布 (4) 人口控制 (5) 人口从农村向城市的转移 (6) 人口减少与老龄化 (7) 工人短缺与移民 Knowledge about trade routes over land, sea, and air important in making marketing decisions The majority of world trade is among the most industrialized and industrializing countries of Europe, North America, and Asia Need to be aware about communication links—the underpinning of all commerce Impact of the Internet revolution especially for global marketing of products 在制定营销决策的时候，了解陆路、海运和航空等贸易路线方面的知识是非常重要的 世界贸易多数发生在欧洲、北美和亚洲主要的工业化和正在进行工业化的国家 需要知道通讯联系是一切商业的基础 互联网革命对于产品全球营销的影响尤其突出 重女轻男的地区 在印度的大多数地区，父母们都想生一个男孩子，女儿则常会被看做是“家庭的负担”。但是在梅加拉亚邦，情形却完全相反，在梅加拉亚邦的哈西部落和简蒂亚部落中，女儿们有权继承家中的一切财产，而儿子们则一无所有。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004